Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the patella. Which class of bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the composition of the inorganic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite crystals containing calcium and phosphate

Question 4

What is the primary function of osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption

Question 5

Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to raise blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

A child with a genetic defect in the growth factor receptor on cartilage is most likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Achondroplasia

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why bones become brittle in osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Inadequate inorganic matrix

Question 8

During intramembranous ossification, which cell type first differentiates from mesenchymal cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenic cells

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding the blood supply to long bones?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient arteries supply the internal structures of the bone

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition and resorption occur simultaneously in healthy adults

Question 11

A 60-year-old woman presents with frequent fractures and low bone density. Which treatment would most likely help her condition?

Accepted Answer

Bisphosphonates to inhibit osteoclasts

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage model forms → osteoblasts form bone collar → chondrocytes die → medullary cavity develops

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of collagen in bone?

Accepted Answer

Resists torsion and tensile forces

Question 14

A patient with defective osteoclasts is likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Osteopetrosis

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

It is a region of hyaline cartilage where longitudinal growth occurs

Question 16

Which of the following dietary factors is NOT directly required for healthy bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise is recommended for bone health?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates bone deposition in response to compression and tension

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It contains osteons with concentric lamellae and central canals

Question 19

A patient with severe anemia may experience a conversion of yellow bone marrow to red bone marrow. This process is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Bone marrow plasticity in response to increased demand for hematopoiesis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It is a membrane rich in blood vessels and nerves that surrounds the outer surface of long bones

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Growth

Study Guide - Practice Questions