Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose via osteocalcin

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the diaphysis of the femur. Which type of bone tissue would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

They resorb bone by secreting lysosomal enzymes and protons.

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 5

A child with a deficiency in growth hormone would most likely exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Reduced longitudinal bone growth

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the main inorganic component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca}_5(\mathrm{PO}_4)_3\mathrm{OH}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why bones are both strong and flexible?

Accepted Answer

They contain both collagen fibers (organic) and mineral salts (inorganic).

Question 8

During endochondral ossification, what is the first event that occurs?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of hyaline cartilage and infiltration of blood vessels

Question 9

Which of the following bones is formed primarily by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Parietal bone

Question 10

A patient with anemia may experience a conversion of yellow marrow to red marrow. In which part of the adult skeleton is this most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis of long bones

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process occurring at the proliferation (growth) zone of the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage cells undergo mitosis, pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis

Question 12

Which of the following bone markings is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Condyle – rounded articular projection

Question 13

Which of the following statements about spongy bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is organized along lines of stress and contains trabeculae.

Question 14

A 25-year-old athlete increases her muscle mass through weight training. Which process is most responsible for the increase in bone thickness?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It covers the external surface of bone, contains osteogenic cells, and serves as an anchoring point for tendons and ligaments.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Ossification centers form, osteoid is secreted and calcified, woven bone forms, lamellar bone replaces woven bone

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why bone is able to resist both compression and tension?

Accepted Answer

The alternating arrangement of collagen fibers and mineral salts in lamellae

Question 18

Which of the following cell types is responsible for maintaining the bone matrix and acting as a stress sensor?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 19

A patient with osteoporosis is prescribed a medication that inhibits osteoclast activity. What is the expected effect on bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone resorption

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of mechanical stress on bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

It increases bone deposition by stimulating osteoblasts.

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Function, and Development

Study Guide - Practice Questions