Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts break down bone tissue during bone resorption.

Question 2

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures due to a decrease in which component of bone?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic matrix, primarily hydroxyapatite

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is most abundant in the human body and provides support, flexibility, and resilience?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 4

Which bone shape classification includes the vertebrae and pelvic bones?

Accepted Answer

Irregular bones

Question 5

A long bone such as the femur transfers weight from the hip to the knee. Which side of the shaft experiences compression?

Accepted Answer

The medial side

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

Storing triglycerides for energy

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the formation of hydroxyapatite in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2 + Ca(OH)_2$$ \rightarrow Ca_{10}($$PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 8

Which bone cell type is responsible for secreting the organic matrix of bone, known as osteoid?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 9

A child suffers a fracture at the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely long-term consequence if not properly treated?

Accepted Answer

Impaired bone lengthening and possible limb length discrepancy

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between appositional and interstitial growth of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth adds new layers to the outside, while interstitial growth expands cartilage from within.

Question 11

Which of the following bone markings is defined as a canal-like passageway for blood vessels or nerves?

Accepted Answer

Meatus

Question 12

Which of the following statements about spongy bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone is organized along lines of stress and contains trabeculae.

Question 13

Which hormone produced by bone helps regulate insulin secretion, glucose levels, and metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Osteocalcin

Question 14

A patient presents with a bone that is cube-shaped and found in the wrist. How would you classify this bone?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoiesis (blood cell formation)

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why bone is both strong and flexible?

Accepted Answer

Bone contains both inorganic hydroxyapatite and organic collagen fibers.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It lines the medullary cavity of long bones.

Question 18

Which of the following bone cells is derived from hematopoietic stem cells and is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae and allow for nutrient and waste exchange between osteocytes.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone marking and its function?

Accepted Answer

Fossa – depression that may serve as an articular surface

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions