$$6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why carbohydrates and lipids, despite both containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, have different properties?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates have the same number of carbon and oxygen atoms, while lipids have many more carbon atoms than oxygen atoms.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for glucose, a common monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about monosaccharides is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are the basic unit or monomer of carbohydrates.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of glucose in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Structural support in plant cell walls.

Question 5

Which of the following pairs correctly matches a monosaccharide with its primary source?

Accepted Answer

Fructose – fruit

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom than ribose.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why glucose is hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

It contains multiple OH (hydroxyl) groups that form hydrogen bonds with water.

Question 8

What type of reaction joins two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 9

Which enzyme is necessary for the digestion of lactose in humans?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 10

A person who is lactose intolerant is unable to digest which disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 11

In honey, the enzyme added by bees splits sucrose into which two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose

Question 12

Which of the following is a polysaccharide composed entirely of glucose monomers?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 13

Which of the following polysaccharides is indigestible to humans due to the type of bonds between glucose units?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 14

Chitin is a polysaccharide that differs from cellulose by the addition of which functional group?

Accepted Answer

Amino group

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Breaking a disaccharide into two monosaccharides by adding water

Question 16

Which of the following is a pentose sugar found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a hexose isomer pair?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cellulose can be digested by some bacteria but not by humans?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria possess enzymes that can break the specific bonds in cellulose, which humans lack.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

It serves as a storage form of glucose in the liver and muscles.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the photosynthesis reaction that produces glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$}$$

Carbohydrates: Structure, Types, and Biological Importance

Study Guide - Practice Questions