Question 1

Which of the following best describes the four basic components of any circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Vehicle, conduits, motive force, exchange areas

Question 2

In the human cardiovascular system, which structure serves as the primary motive force?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Question 3

Which of the following statements about plasma is correct?

Accepted Answer

Plasma is mainly composed of water and makes up about 55% of blood volume.

Question 4

Which blood vessel type is responsible for the exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Question 5

A patient suffers a blockage in a coronary artery. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The area of the heart wall supplied by the blocked artery will likely die.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Aid in blood clotting by clumping and releasing chemical factors

Question 7

Which control system of the heart is responsible for automatic initiation and transmission of the heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic 'nervous' control

Question 8

What is the main function of the valves found in veins and the heart?

Accepted Answer

To ensure blood flows in only one direction

Question 9

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the head?

Accepted Answer

Carotid artery

Question 10

A patient has a stroke due to a blocked end artery in the brain. What is the most likely outcome for the area supplied by this artery?

Accepted Answer

It will likely die due to lack of blood supply.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the path of blood flow in the pulmonary cycle?

Accepted Answer

Right ventricle → pulmonary trunk → lungs → left atrium

Question 12

Which structure is the major lymph vessel in the human body, and where does it empty?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct; empties into the junction of the left subclavian and jugular veins

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a general function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones

Question 14

Which layer of a blood vessel is composed primarily of smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Media

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph fluid passing through lymphatic vessels.

Question 16

A patient has a deficiency in the chordae tendineae. Which cardiac function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Prevention of backflow from ventricles to atria

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the left ventricular wall is thicker than the right?

Accepted Answer

It requires more muscle to generate higher pressure for systemic circulation.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the systemic cycle?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricle → aorta → body tissues → right atrium

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the pericardium?

Accepted Answer

It reduces frictional forces on the heart during contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the hepatic portal venous system?

Accepted Answer

It carries nutrient-rich blood from the gut to the liver for processing.

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions