Question 1

Which of the following best describes an anabolic reaction in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids → protein

Question 2

During glycolysis, which of the following is true regarding ATP production?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP are consumed and 4 ATP are produced, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the energy change ($$\Delta E) $$for a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta E = E_{prod} - E_{react}$$

Question 4

A reaction in which a phosphate group is added to a molecule is called:

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation

Question 5

Which of the following statements about enzymes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are changed by the reactions they catalyze

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why increasing the concentration of reactants generally increases the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the number of collisions between reactant molecules

Question 7

In the context of the law of mass action, what happens if the concentration of products increases relative to reactants?

Accepted Answer

The reaction proceeds in reverse

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It requires oxygen and takes place across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 9

A patient with a vitamin B3 deficiency is likely to have impaired function of which coenzyme, affecting energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain (ETC)?

Accepted Answer

It is the final electron acceptor, forming water

Question 11

If a cell is deprived of oxygen, which metabolic pathway will be most directly affected first?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of feedback inhibition in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis

Question 13

Which of the following reactions is an example of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi

Question 14

A person is exercising intensely and their muscles begin to produce lactic acid. What is the primary reason for this shift in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient oxygen delivery, causing pyruvate to be converted to lactate to regenerate NAD+

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Exergonic reactions proceed spontaneously and release energy; endergonic reactions do not proceed spontaneously and require energy input

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the equilibrium constant ($$K) $$for a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

If $$K = 2$$, there are twice as many product molecules as reactant molecules at equilibrium

Question 17

Which of the following factors does NOT directly affect the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Body temperature (within normal physiological range)

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are considered substrate specific?

Accepted Answer

Their active site has a shape that complements only specific substrates

Question 19

A metabolic pathway is regulated by allosteric inhibition. Which of the following best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

A modulator binds to a regulatory site on the enzyme, altering its activity

Question 20

Which of the following statements about ATP synthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation transfers a phosphate group from a metabolic intermediate to ADP

Cell Metabolism: Principles, Pathways, and Regulation

Study Guide - Practice Questions