$$\text{Surface Area} \propto \text{Number of Neurons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains the advantage of having a cerebrum with convolutions (gyri and sulci) rather than a smooth cerebral surface?

Accepted Answer

Convolutions increase the surface area, allowing for more neurons and higher processing capacity.

Question 2

Identify the brain regions labeled A–D in the first image provided.

Accepted Answer

A: Cerebrum, B: Diencephalon, C: Brain stem, D: Cerebellum

Question 3

Which of the following is contained within the brain ventricles?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 4

In the second image, which lobe is labeled 'C'?

Accepted Answer

Parietal lobe

Question 5

Which two structures are separated from each other by the longitudinal fissure?

Accepted Answer

The left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the cerebral cortex is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter and lacks any fiber tracts.

Question 7

Which area of the brain is responsible for monitoring the intensity of movements and inhibiting unnecessary movements?

Accepted Answer

Basal nuclei

Question 8

In the third image, which structure is labeled 'A'?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 9

Which of the following connects the cerebellum to the brain stem?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellar peduncles

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Mediates emotional response

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the reticular formation?

Accepted Answer

Keeps the cerebral cortex conscious and alert

Question 12

Which class of brain waves is most common in children, as shown in the seventh image?

Accepted Answer

Theta waves

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Impermeable tight junctions between capillary cells are a major component of the blood brain barrier.

Question 14

Which of the following spaces is filled with cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 15

A lumbar puncture is a procedure in which cerebrospinal fluid is removed from which space for diagnostic testing?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 16

Which pathway transmits impulses via the thalamus to the sensory cortex for conscious interpretation and decussates at the level of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Spinothalamic pathway

Question 17

Which tract originates from the motor cortex of the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

Pyramidal (corticospinal) tract

Question 18

Which tract transmits information regarding pain and temperature to the opposite side of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Lateral spinothalamic tract

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the surface area of the cerebral cortex and the number of neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Surface Area} \propto 	ext{Number of Neurons}$$

Question 20

If the amplitude of EEG brain waves increases, what does this indicate about the number of neurons firing synchronously?

Accepted Answer

A greater number of neurons are firing synchronously.

Central Nervous System Structure and Function Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions