Q: Which of the following equations best represents the reduction in weight of the brain due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) buoyancy?

$$W_{reduced} = W_{brain} \times 0.03$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of cephalization in embryonic development of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary development of the rostral (anterior) portion of the CNS, resulting in an increased number of neurons in the head.

Question 2

A patient suffers a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) that damages the left primary motor area. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Paralysis of voluntary movements on the right side of the body.

Question 3

Which brain region acts as the relay station for sensory impulses, transferring them to the correct part of the cortex for localization and interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep-wake cycles

Question 5

Which structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing for communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Filter out incorrect or inappropriate responses and inhibit antagonistic movements.

Question 7

A patient presents with hemiplegia and aphasia after a stroke. Which areas of the brain are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Left hemisphere, primary motor area and Broca's area

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the lateralization of cortical function?

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere is dominant for language, math, and logic in most people.

Question 9

Which of the following fiber types connects different parts of the same cerebral hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Association fibers

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Accepted Answer

Sends impulses to the cerebral cortex to keep it conscious and alert.

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the reduction in weight of the brain due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) buoyancy?

Accepted Answer

$$W_{reduced} = W_{brain} 	imes 0.03$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Transmits motor impulses to skeletal muscles

Question 13

Which of the following structures is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 14

A newborn is diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Which of the following best explains the condition?

Accepted Answer

Obstruction of CSF flow causes accumulation and pressure on the brain, leading to head enlargement.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It allows nutrients to move by facilitated diffusion and blocks most drugs and toxins.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the organization of gray and white matter in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter surrounds the central canal, and white matter is external.

Question 17

Which of the following tracts carries sensory information about pain and temperature to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Lateral and ventral spinothalamic tracts

Question 18

Which of the following disorders is characterized by uncontrolled jerky movements and destruction of basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Huntington's disease

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordinates smooth, precise movements and maintains balance.

Central Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Protection

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