$$\text{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 \times \text{Body Weight (kg)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain blood volume by regulating osmotic pressure.

Question 2

A patient presents with a hematocrit of 60%. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase

Question 4

A deficiency in which vitamin would most likely result in pernicious anemia?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 5

Which of the following statements about red blood cells (RBCs) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They lack mitochondria and rely on anaerobic metabolism.

Question 6

A patient with a bacterial infection is likely to show an increase in which type of white blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 7

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for blood clot formation?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 8

What is the main function of platelets in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Forming clots to prevent blood loss

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why plasma proteins such as albumin are not found in interstitial fluid (IF)?

Accepted Answer

They are too large to pass through capillary walls.

Question 10

A person with type AB- blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

O-

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for blood volume in an adult?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 	imes 	ext{Body Weight (kg)}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of globulins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Transporting hormones and acting as antibodies

Question 13

A patient with hemoglobinuria is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive breakdown of red blood cells

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of erythropoietin (EPO)?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to hypoxia.

Question 15

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B-lymphocytes

Question 16

A patient with thrombocytopenia would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in blood clotting

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why mature red blood cells are unable to repair themselves?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus and organelles necessary for repair.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of abundance of white blood cells in normal blood from most to least common?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the fate of iron after hemoglobin is broken down in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

It is stored in the liver as ferritin or hemosiderin.

Question 20

A patient with a genetic defect resulting in abnormal hemoglobin structure is most likely to have which condition?

Accepted Answer

Thalassemia

Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System – Blood

Study Guide - Practice Questions