Question 1

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke affecting the left hemisphere of the cerebrum. Which of the following deficits is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Impaired math and language abilities

Question 3

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for voluntary movement and higher executive functions such as judgment and personality?

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe

Question 4

The basal nuclei (basal ganglia) are primarily involved in which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Movement control, such as starting, stopping, and intensity of movements

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a gateway, sorting and editing almost all incoming sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

Question 6

Which brain structure is responsible for fine-tuning motor activity to provide balance and coordination?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Sorting sensory information

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the brain region with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe – memory and hearing

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of gray and white matter in the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter forms the cortex and deep nuclei, white matter is internal

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the major structures of the CNS from rostral to caudal?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, brain stem, spinal cord

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the meninges of the CNS?

Accepted Answer

The arachnoid mater is web-like and filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 12

A patient with Brown-Sequard Syndrome (hemisection of the spinal cord) on the right side would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Loss of touch and proprioception on the right side, loss of pain and temperature on the left side

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by tight junctions, astrocytes, and pericytes to selectively protect the CNS.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow from its production to reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus → ventricles → subarachnoid space → arachnoid granulations → dural sinuses

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the embryonic origin of the adult cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

It develops from the telencephalon.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining alertness and consciousness

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding decussation in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Most sensory and motor pathways cross to the opposite side of the CNS.

Question 18

Which of the following is the best way to reduce the risk of neural tube defects during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Supplementation with Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid) before and during early pregnancy

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

It begins at the foramen magnum and ends at the level of L1 or L2.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of gray and white matter in the spinal cord compared to the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter is deep in the spinal cord and superficial in the cerebrum.

Chapter 12: The Central Nervous System – Structure, Function, and Protection

Study Guide - Practice Questions