Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between innate (nonspecific) and adaptive (specific) defenses?

Accepted Answer

Innate defenses are present at birth and do not distinguish between threats, while adaptive defenses develop after exposure and target specific antigens.

Question 2

A patient presents with swelling in their left leg due to a blockage in the thoracic duct. What is the most likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Lymph from tissues inferior to the diaphragm and the left side of the upper body will not drain properly, leading to lymphedema.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells in the spleen

Question 4

Which cell type is primarily responsible for immune surveillance and rapid response to abnormal cells?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer (NK) cells

Question 5

During an inflammatory response, which chemical is primarily released by mast cells to increase blood vessel permeability?

Accepted Answer

Histamine

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why lymph nodes enlarge during some infections?

Accepted Answer

Activation and proliferation of lymphocytes and increased phagocytic activity

Question 7

Which antibody class is first produced during a primary immune response and is responsible for blood type cross-reactions?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Question 8

A newborn receives antibodies from breast milk. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 9

Which of the following is a property of adaptive immunity that allows for a faster, stronger response upon second exposure to an antigen?

Accepted Answer

Memory

Question 10

Which process describes the movement of phagocytes into tissues by squeezing between capillary endothelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of antibodies that involves coating pathogens to enhance phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Opsonization

Question 12

A patient is injected with antibodies to combat rabies after exposure. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 13

Which lymphoid organ is responsible for the maturation of T cells and decreases in size after puberty?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an innate (nonspecific) defense?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production

Question 15

Which class of lymphocytes is primarily responsible for antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity?

Accepted Answer

B cells

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

Directly attack and destroy infected or abnormal cells

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of agglutination caused by antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Clumping of red blood cells after mixing incompatible blood types

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between body temperature and fever, as defined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$$T_{body} \u003e 37.2$$^{\circ}$$C$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the complement system?

Accepted Answer

It lyses cells, assists antibodies in pathogen destruction, and enhances phagocytosis and inflammation.

Question 20

Which property of adaptive immunity prevents the immune system from attacking normal (self) antigens?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance

Chapter 14: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards