Question 1

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining the colloid osmotic pressure of blood and acts as a carrier for various substances?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 2

A patient presents with a yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera. Laboratory tests reveal elevated plasma bilirubin. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of neutrophils?

Accepted Answer

They are the first responders to bacterial infections and are highly phagocytic.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 5

A patient with a hematocrit of 65% is most likely experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Both A and B

Question 6

Which of the following statements about erythropoietin (EPO) is correct?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the production of red blood cells.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the breakdown and recycling of hemoglobin from old erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Globin → amino acids; Heme → iron reused, remainder to bilirubin

Question 8

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of eosinophils under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

Abundant red to orange granules in the cytoplasm

Question 9

A patient with lead poisoning is found to have a white blood cell count of 3,000/µL. This condition is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Leukopenia

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It binds platelets to begin the platelet plug and links platelets to collagen.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a hematopoietic cytokine?

Accepted Answer

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1)

Question 12

Which of the following is the most abundant type of leukocyte in healthy human blood?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 13

A patient with sickle cell disease has a mutation in the beta chain of hemoglobin. Which amino acid substitution is responsible for this disease?

Accepted Answer

Glutamic acid replaced by valine

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the coagulation cascade?

Accepted Answer

Thrombin converts fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin polymers.

Question 15

Which of the following is a possible consequence of polycythemia vera?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of embolism, stroke, or heart failure

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a protein involved in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Prostacyclin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the fate of iron from destroyed erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

It is stored in the liver as ferritin and reused for hemoglobin synthesis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of mature red blood cells (erythrocytes)?

Accepted Answer

They are biconcave disks and lack organelles.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of packed RBCs}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 20

A patient with hemolytic anemia may present with which of the following findings?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Chapter 16: Blood – Structure, Function, and Clinical Applications

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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