Q: Which of the following equations correctly calculates the blood volume in liters for a person weighing 70 kg?

$$ 70 \times 0.07 = 4.9 \text{ liters} $$

Q: During the coagulation phase of hemostasis, which of the following sequences is correct for the common pathway?

$$ \text{Factor X} \rightarrow \text{Prothrombin activator} \rightarrow \text{Thrombin} \rightarrow \text{Fibrin} $$

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary function of albumins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

They are the main contributors to plasma osmolarity and transport fatty acids, thyroid hormones, and some steroid hormones.

Question 2

A patient with a hematocrit of 60% is most likely experiencing which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the process of erythropoiesis in adults?

Accepted Answer

It occurs only in myeloid tissue (red bone marrow) and is stimulated by erythropoietin released from the kidneys and liver.

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly calculates the blood volume in liters for a person weighing 70 kg?

Accepted Answer

$$ 70 	imes 0.07 = 4.9 	ext{ liters} $$

Question 5

A person with type B negative (B-) blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in an emergency transfusion?

Accepted Answer

O-

Question 6

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each hemoglobin molecule can bind up to four oxygen molecules because it contains four heme groups.

Question 7

A patient presents with jaundice. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

A buildup of bilirubin in the blood due to impaired liver function.

Question 8

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for the body's defense against parasitic infections and moderating allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 9

During the coagulation phase of hemostasis, which of the following sequences is correct for the common pathway?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Factor X} ightarrow 	ext{Prothrombin activator} ightarrow 	ext{Thrombin} ightarrow 	ext{Fibrin} $$

Question 10

A patient with a genetic deficiency in Factor VIII would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of transferrin in iron metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It transports iron in the bloodstream to developing red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of platelets during hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They release chemicals that promote clotting and temporarily patch damaged vessel walls.

Question 13

A patient with type AB+ blood is considered a universal recipient because:

Accepted Answer

Their plasma does not contain anti-A, anti-B, or anti-Rh antibodies.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why vitamin K deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of four clotting factors.

Question 15

Which of the following white blood cells is most likely to increase in number during a bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 16

A newborn develops hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility. Which of the following best explains the mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between plasma and interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Plasma has a higher concentration of dissolved proteins than interstitial fluid.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of prostacyclin released by endothelial cells during hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits platelet aggregation and limits the growth of the platelet plug.

Question 19

A patient with a low white blood cell count is diagnosed with leukopenia. Which of the following is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to infections

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of fibrinolysis?

Accepted Answer

Plasmin digests fibrin, dissolving the blood clot.

Chapter 19: Blood – Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance

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