$$\text{Blood Volume} = \text{Plasma Volume} + \text{Formed Elements Volume}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood as described in Chapter 19?

Accepted Answer

Producing digestive enzymes for nutrient breakdown

Question 2

Plasma is the liquid component of blood. Which of the following statements about plasma composition is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, accounting for about 60% of plasma proteins

Question 3

Which formed element of blood is primarily responsible for restricting fluid losses at injury sites?

Accepted Answer

Platelets

Question 4

The biconcave shape of red blood cells (RBCs) is important because it:

Accepted Answer

Allows RBCs to carry more hemoglobin by increasing surface-area-to-volume ratio

Question 5

Which structural feature of RBCs increases their capacity for carrying oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Absence of nucleus and organelles

Question 6

Hemoglobin is composed of four polypeptide chains. Which statement best describes its oxygen-binding sites?

Accepted Answer

Each chain contains a heme group with an iron atom that binds oxygen

Question 7

During the recycling of red blood cell components, which organ is primarily responsible for converting bilirubin for excretion?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 8

A person with Type B blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Type B and Type O

Question 9

Which blood type is considered the universal donor, and why?

Accepted Answer

Type O, because it lacks both A and B antigens

Question 10

A patient with Rh-negative blood should only receive Rh-negative blood because:

Accepted Answer

They can rapidly develop anti-Rh antibodies after exposure to Rh-positive blood

Question 11

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) can occur when:

Accepted Answer

An Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus and develops anti-Rh antibodies

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of albumin in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining osmotic pressure and fluid balance

Question 13

Which white blood cell is most abundant and specializes in phagocytosis of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 14

Which process describes the formation of all blood cells from a single stem cell in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoiesis

Question 15

During hemostasis, which phase involves the formation of a platelet plug?

Accepted Answer

Platelet phase

Question 16

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood volume, plasma, and formed elements?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Blood Volume} = 	ext{Plasma Volume} + 	ext{Formed Elements Volume}$$

Question 17

If a person with Type A blood receives Type B blood, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and destruction of donor RBCs by anti-B antibodies

Question 18

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the recycling of red blood cell components?

Accepted Answer

Globin chains are broken down into amino acids and reused

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Production of antibodies and regulation of immune response

Chapter 19: Blood – Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions