Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the right side of the heart?

Accepted Answer

It pumps oxygen-poor blood to the pulmonary circuit.

Question 2

Which structure prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium during ventricular contraction?

Accepted Answer

Tricuspid valve

Question 3

A patient presents with a myocardial infarction due to a blockage in the anterior interventricular artery. Which area of the heart is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricle

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE regarding cardiac muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains intercalated discs with desmosomes and gap junctions.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), and stroke volume (SV)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 6

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the semilunar valves open?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular contraction (systole)

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why the left ventricular wall is thicker than the right ventricular wall?

Accepted Answer

It pumps blood to the entire systemic circuit.

Question 8

A patient with atrial fibrillation is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Stroke due to clot formation

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the conduction system of the heart is correct?

Accepted Answer

The SA node acts as the primary pacemaker.

Question 10

Which nerve is primarily responsible for decreasing heart rate via parasympathetic innervation?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the chordae tendineae?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the AV valve flaps from everting into the atria during ventricular contraction.

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct result of sympathetic stimulation of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Increased strength of contraction

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart starting from the vena cava?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary trunk

Question 14

Which heart sound is associated with the closing of the semilunar valves?

Accepted Answer

Second heart sound (S2, 'dup')

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the coronary arteries?

Accepted Answer

They supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

Question 16

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Decreased pumping efficiency and fluid accumulation

Question 17

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of cardiac muscle cells compared to skeletal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are connected by intercalated discs.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why a blockage in the left coronary artery can be life-threatening?

Accepted Answer

It supplies blood to most of the left ventricle and interventricular septum.

Question 19

Which of the following is the main function of the pericardium?

Accepted Answer

To anchor and protect the heart, and reduce friction

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between arteries and veins in the systemic circuit?

Accepted Answer

Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood toward the heart.

Chapter 19: The Heart – Structure, Function, and Clinical Correlates

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