Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Compounds involve chemical bonding between components, while mixtures do not.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 18.0 g of glucose (molecular weight = 180.12 g/mol) in enough water to make 1.0 L of solution. What is the molarity (M) of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.10\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about water is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Water is a nonpolar solvent, making it ideal for dissolving lipids.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 5

A patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis. Which buffer system in the blood helps resist changes in pH?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate buffer system

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct representation of a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy, increasing the rate of reactions.

Question 8

Which of the following molecules is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

A protein loses its three-dimensional structure and function after being exposed to high heat. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydration layers around ions due to its polarity.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double helix with complementary base pairing between adenine and thymine.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and are solid at room temperature; unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of prostaglandins (a type of eicosanoid)?

Accepted Answer

They play a role in inflammation and blood clotting.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 16

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides immediate, usable energy for cellular work.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific for their substrates?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have active sites with unique shapes that fit only specific substrates.

Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive – Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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