Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphatic capillaries compared to blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

They are closed at one end and have overlapping endothelial cells that act as one-way valves.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe swelling in the lower limbs due to an obstruction in lymphatic drainage. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema

Question 3

Which lymphatic structure is responsible for draining lymph from the majority of the body, including both lower limbs and the left side of the thorax?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ where T lymphocytes mature?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 5

A child receives antibodies from her mother through breast milk. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the role of the complement system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It enhances phagocytosis, causes cell lysis, and stimulates inflammation.

Question 7

A patient with a ruptured spleen is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infections

Question 8

Which class of antibody is the first to be secreted during a primary immune response and is responsible for agglutination of incompatible blood types?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of helper T cells (CD4+)?

Accepted Answer

Stimulate B cell activation and antibody production

Question 10

A person is exposed to a pathogen for the second time. Which of the following best describes the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Memory B cells are activated, leading to a faster and stronger response.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of antigen presentation by class II MHC proteins?

Accepted Answer

Antigen-presenting cells display processed antigens to helper T cells.

Question 12

Which of the following is a cardinal sign of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Redness

Question 13

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for stimulating the production of blood cells in the red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)

Question 14

A patient develops an immediate hypersensitivity reaction after exposure to pollen. Which immunoglobulin is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

IgE

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the effect of chronic stress on the immune system?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the release of glucocorticoids, which suppress immune responses.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of blood to remove abnormal blood cells

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Complement proteins coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

It is specific, versatile, has memory, and exhibits tolerance.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of regulatory T cells?

Accepted Answer

They secrete suppression factors to inhibit immune responses.

Question 20

A patient with HIV is most likely to have a deficiency in which type of lymphocyte?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells (CD4+)

Chapter 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards