Q: A 175 lb individual wants to meet their daily protein requirement. Using the rule of thumb (0.8 g protein per kg body weight), how many grams of protein should they consume daily? (1 kg = 2.2 lbs)

$$175 \div 2.2 \times 0.8 = 63.6$$ grams

Q: Which of the following is the correct equation for the complete oxidation of glucose?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 32\ \mathrm{ATP} + \text{heat}$$

Question 1

A 175 lb individual wants to meet their daily protein requirement. Using the rule of thumb (0.8 g protein per kg body weight), how many grams of protein should they consume daily? (1 kg = 2.2 lbs)

Accepted Answer

$$175 \div 2.2 	imes 0.8 = 63.6$$ grams

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It uses the energy from a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP.

Question 3

Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for absorption and is not stored in the body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 4

During a sprint, which metabolic pathway is most active in skeletal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 5

Which of the following is a true statement about essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

They must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them rapidly enough.

Question 6

What is the main function of molecular oxygen ($$O_2) $$acquired by the lungs in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

O2 serves as the final electron acceptor for the oxidation of food molecules.

Question 7

If a virus created holes in the inner mitochondrial membrane, what would be the most likely effect on ATP production?

Accepted Answer

ATP production would decrease because a hydrogen ion gradient could not be established.

Question 8

Which process describes the breakdown of stored fats into glycerol and fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)?

Accepted Answer

The cholesterol transported by HDLs is destined for destruction.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Sugar activation, sugar cleavage, sugar oxidation and ATP formation

Question 11

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and is important for collagen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 12

What is the fate of pyruvic acid in the absence of oxygen during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced to lactic acid.

Question 13

Which mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin and its deficiency can lead to anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 14

Which process is responsible for the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 15

Which coenzyme is reduced during the conversion of succinic acid to fumaric acid in the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

FAD

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why excessive consumption of fat-soluble vitamins can be harmful?

Accepted Answer

They are stored in the body and can accumulate to toxic levels.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct equation for the complete oxidation of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 32\ \mathrm{ATP} + 	ext{heat}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a likely consequence of prolonged anaerobic metabolism in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Acid-base imbalances due to lactic acid accumulation

Question 19

Which of the following statements about cholesterol transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

HDLs transport excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for excretion.

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the mineral magnesium (Mg) in the body?

Accepted Answer

Cofactor for ATP bioenergetics

Chapter 24: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards