Question 1

Which structure in the sperm cell contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the egg during fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Acrosome

Question 2

What is the primary function of the Sertoli (sustentacular) cells in the seminiferous tubules?

Accepted Answer

Form the blood-testis barrier and support spermatogenesis

Question 3

A genetic male (46,XY) with a nonfunctional androgen receptor develops female external genitalia but has undescended testes and no uterus. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the chromosomal composition of a human sperm cell after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Haploid, 23 chromosomes

Question 5

During embryonic development, which duct system develops into the male reproductive tract under the influence of testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts

Question 6

Which accessory gland secretes fructose to provide energy for sperm and substances that help buffer vaginal pH?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicle

Question 7

A patient presents with small testes, sterility, and breast enlargement. Karyotype analysis reveals XXY chromosomes. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 8

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the testes closer to the body in response to cold temperatures or sexual arousal?

Accepted Answer

Cremaster muscle

Question 9

What is the correct sequence for the pathway of sperm from the site of production to the external urethral orifice?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubules → epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the testes are located outside the body cavity in the scrotum?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a temperature lower than core body temperature for optimal spermatogenesis

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the blood-testis barrier?

Accepted Answer

Prevents autoimmune reactions against developing sperm cells

Question 12

A mutation in the SRY gene would most likely result in which of the following outcomes in an XY embryo?

Accepted Answer

Development of ovaries and female internal genitalia

Question 13

Which part of the sperm contains mitochondria and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Midpiece; provides ATP for motility

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between sex and gender?

Accepted Answer

Sex is biological (chromosomes, hormones), gender is social and cultural (identity, roles)

Question 15

Which of the following is a direct result of spermiogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Morphological transformation of spermatids into mature spermatozoa

Question 16

A patient with Turner syndrome would have which karyotype and physical traits?

Accepted Answer

XO; short stature, sterility, underdeveloped sex organs

Question 17

Which gland secretes a thick alkaline mucus that neutralizes urinary acids and lubricates the glans penis?

Accepted Answer

Bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland

Question 18

If a male patient has a blockage in the vas deferens, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Sperm would not be able to reach the urethra for ejaculation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the outcome of meiosis in the male gonads?

Accepted Answer

One diploid cell produces four haploid sperm cells

Question 20

Which structure is responsible for storing sperm as they mature for approximately three weeks?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Chapter 27: The Male Reproductive System – Structure, Development, and Function

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