Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between osmolarity and solute concentration?

$$ \text{Osmolarity} = \frac{\text{Number of solute particles}}{\text{Volume of solution}} $$

Q: Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis?

$$ \text{Water moves from low solute concentration to high solute concentration} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol increases membrane stability and decreases fluidity.

Question 2

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water by osmosis and shrink.

Question 3

Which membrane protein function is most directly involved in the generation of resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Transport proteins (channels and carriers)

Question 4

The sodium-potassium pump (Na+-K+ ATPase) is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between osmolarity and solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Osmolarity} = \frac{	ext{Number of solute particles}}{	ext{Volume of solution}} $$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of integral membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storage of genetic information

Question 7

A patient receives an intravenous solution that is hypotonic relative to their blood plasma. What is the most likely outcome for their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will swell and may burst (lyse).

Question 8

Which process requires ATP and moves substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why facilitated diffusion is saturable?

Accepted Answer

The rate is limited by the number of available carrier or channel proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following cell junctions is most important in preventing leakage of extracellular fluid between epithelial cells lining the intestines?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 11

A cell is exposed to a solution containing a high concentration of non-permeable solutes. Which term best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-life example of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Uptake of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by cells

Question 13

Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Water moves from low solute concentration to high solute concentration} $$

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Membrane components can move relative to one another.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions?

Accepted Answer

Allow communication and passage of ions between adjacent cells

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It moves Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of increased membrane cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Decreased membrane fluidity

Question 18

Which process is most likely to occur in a cell with a high concentration of aquaporins?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of water across the plasma membrane

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate cell migration during development and repair

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of G protein-linked receptors?

Accepted Answer

Ligand binding activates a G protein, which then activates an effector enzyme to produce a second messenger.

Chapter 3: Cells – The Living Units (Mini-Textbook Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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