$$ \text{Collagen Synthesis Rate} \propto [\text{Vitamin C}] $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

They attract water and ions, creating a concentration gradient that helps the ECM resist compression.

Question 2

A patient with Marfan syndrome is at risk for aortic dissection due to defects in which ECM component?

Accepted Answer

Fibrillin-I, which is required for proper elastic fiber deposition

Question 3

Which cell junction is most likely to be found between cells in blood vessels to prevent leakage of blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of epithelial tissues that distinguishes them from most connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

Cells are tightly packed and linked by tight junctions and desmosomes

Question 5

Which equation best represents the osmotic effect of GAGs in the ECM, drawing water into the matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$ \Delta \pi = RT \Delta C $$

Question 6

Which type of epithelial tissue is best adapted for rapid transport of substances across membranes?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 7

A gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream without ducts is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of reticular fibers in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Forming a meshwork that supports cells and ground substance, especially in organs like the spleen

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is essentially avascular, so nutrients and oxygen must diffuse through the ECM, limiting repair capacity.

Question 10

Which equation describes the relationship between the thickness of epithelial tissue and its ability to obtain nutrients by diffusion?

Accepted Answer

$$ J = -D \frac{\Delta C}{\Delta x} $$

Question 11

Which connective tissue cell is primarily responsible for synthesizing collagen fibers and ground substance?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblast

Question 12

Which type of muscle tissue is capable of regeneration due to its cells' ability to undergo mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

They allow small substances and electrical signals to flow freely between adjacent cells.

Question 14

Which equation would best represent the rate of nerve impulse transmission affected by neuroglial cells?

Accepted Answer

$$ v = \frac{d}{t} $$

Question 15

Which tissue type is most likely to undergo fibrosis rather than regeneration after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of basement membrane degradation by carcinoma cells?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells invade underlying tissues, facilitating metastasis.

Question 17

Which equation best represents the requirement for vitamin C in collagen synthesis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Collagen Synthesis Rate} \propto [	ext{Vitamin C}] $$

Question 18

Which specialized connective tissue is responsible for storing calcium and housing bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue (osseous tissue)

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why adult adipocytes cannot increase in number during hypertrophic obesity?

Accepted Answer

Adult adipocytes lack the ability to divide by mitosis.

Question 20

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood supply and tissue repair rate?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Repair Rate} \propto 	ext{Blood Supply} $$

Chapter 4: Histology – The Study of Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions