Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

They attract positively charged ions, drawing water into the ECM and helping tissues resist compression.

Question 2

A patient presents with tall stature, long limbs, and a history of joint dislocations. Genetic testing reveals a defect in the gene for fibrillin-1. Which tissue component is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Elastic fibers

Question 3

Which type of cell junction is most important for preventing the passage of macromolecules between adjacent epithelial cells in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Tight (occluding) junctions

Question 4

Which of the following epithelial tissues is best adapted for rapid diffusion of gases and is found lining the air sacs of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 5

A biopsy of a gland reveals ducts that do not branch and secretory units that are spherical. How would you classify this gland?

Accepted Answer

Simple acinar gland

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks a blood supply and often heals by fibrosis rather than regeneration.

Question 7

Which connective tissue type is specialized for energy storage, insulation, and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 8

A patient with a non-healing wound is found to have poor arterial blood flow. Which aspect of tissue repair is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The supply of nutrients and oxygen necessary for regeneration

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete their products onto epithelial surfaces via ducts, while endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of transcellular transport across a simple epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Substances enter the cell, diffuse through the cytosol, and exit through the opposite surface.

Question 11

Which of the following tissues is most likely to undergo regeneration after injury?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 12

Which protein fiber in the ECM is most responsible for providing resistance to tension and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 13

A tissue sample shows cells with multiple layers, with the apical cells being dome-shaped when relaxed and squamous when stretched. Where is this tissue most likely found?

Accepted Answer

Lining of the urinary bladder

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring neurons and blood vessels, and speeding up nerve impulse transmission

Question 15

Which type of exocrine gland secretion involves the entire cell rupturing to release its product?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why exercise can increase bone density?

Accepted Answer

Exercise increases tension on bones, stimulating osteoblast activity and bone deposition.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cells are flattened, have a single nucleus, and lack visible striations.

Question 18

Which membrane type lines body cavities that do NOT open to the outside and produces a lubricating fluid?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form fine, mesh-like networks that support cells and trap foreign cells.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with carcinoma in situ. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The cancer is confined above the basement membrane and has not invaded deeper tissues.

Chapter 4: Histology – The Study of Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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