Q: A patient with a burn covering the entire anterior and posterior surfaces of both legs and the anterior trunk would have what percentage of body surface area burned, according to the Rule of Nines?

$$18\% ($$each leg) \times 2 + $$18\% ($$trunk) = 54\%$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the stratum basale in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

It is the primary site of active mitosis, producing new keratinocytes.

Question 2

A patient presents with a bluish tint to their skin (cyanosis). Which physiological condition is most likely responsible for this appearance?

Accepted Answer

Low oxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the papillary layer of the dermis?

Accepted Answer

It contains dermal papillae that form friction ridges, enhancing grip and fingerprints.

Question 4

A surgeon is planning an incision on a patient’s trunk. According to the concept of cleavage (tension) lines, which approach will promote better healing?

Accepted Answer

Making the incision parallel to cleavage lines

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why third-degree burns are often painless?

Accepted Answer

Nerve endings in the affected area are destroyed.

Question 6

Which pigment is produced in the skin and is responsible for protecting DNA from UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 7

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes develops horizontal lines across their nails. What is the clinical term for this finding?

Accepted Answer

Beau’s lines

Question 8

Which of the following glands is most responsible for thermoregulation through sweat production?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands

Question 9

A woman develops excessive facial hair due to a tumor producing excess androgens. What is the clinical term for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Hirsutism

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the skin’s acid mantle?

Accepted Answer

It retards bacterial multiplication by maintaining a low pH.

Question 11

A patient presents with silvery white scars on the abdomen after rapid weight gain. What is the anatomical explanation for these marks?

Accepted Answer

Dermal tears resulting in striae (stretch marks)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the secretion method of sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine (cell rupture)

Question 13

A patient with a burn covering the entire anterior and posterior surfaces of both legs and the anterior trunk would have what percentage of body surface area burned, according to the Rule of Nines?

Accepted Answer

$$18\% ($$each leg) 	imes 2 + $$18\% ($$trunk) = 54\%$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 15

Which cell type in the epidermis is primarily responsible for immune defense?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Question 16

A patient is exposed to a chemical that passes through the skin and causes kidney and brain damage. Which property of the skin allowed this to occur?

Accepted Answer

Limited penetration of lipid-soluble substances through the physical barrier

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between vellus and terminal hair?

Accepted Answer

Vellus hair is fine and pale; terminal hair is coarse and long.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the layers of the epidermis in thick skin, from deep to superficial?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of melanoma that distinguishes it from other skin cancers?

Accepted Answer

It is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy.

Question 20

A newborn presents with thick, yellowish, flaking lesions on the scalp. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Seborrhea (cradle cap)

Chapter 5: The Integumentary System – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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