Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Transport of blood cells

Question 2

A bone that is completely enclosed within a tendon is classified as which type of bone?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the composition and function of the inorganic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

Composed of hydroxyapatite crystals; provides resistance to compression

Question 4

What would happen to bone if the organic matrix (osteoid) was defective or missing?

Accepted Answer

Bones would be too brittle and shatter easily

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and what is its mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast; secretes hydrogen ions and enzymes to dissolve bone matrix

Question 6

Which of the following bones is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 7

What is the primary function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

To provide a site for muscle attachment and house osteogenic cells

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms on a model of hyaline cartilage

Question 9

During longitudinal bone growth, which zone of the epiphyseal plate is characterized by active mitosis of chondrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Zone of proliferation

Question 10

Which hormone is released in response to low blood calcium levels and what is one of its effects?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium from bone

Question 11

A patient with a vitamin D deficiency is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Rickets, due to impaired calcium absorption

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why astronauts experience decreased bone mass after prolonged periods in microgravity?

Accepted Answer

Absence of load-bearing activity reduces osteoblast activity

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Fracture hematoma forms → Soft callus forms → Bone callus forms → Remodeling occurs

Question 14

Which of the following dietary factors is NOT directly involved in bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 15

What is the main difference between compact bone and spongy bone at the microscopic level?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains osteons; spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 16

Which of the following best describes appositional growth?

Accepted Answer

Growth in width by addition of bone matrix to the surface

Question 17

If osteoclasts did not function during bone development, what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

Bones would be made of primary bone and not mature

Question 18

Which of the following is the chemical formula for hydroxyapatite, the main mineral in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Ca}_{10}(	ext{PO}_4)_6(	ext{OH})_2$$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about red and yellow bone marrow is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow can revert from yellow marrow if the body needs more blood cells

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of collagen fibers in bone?

Accepted Answer

They provide tensile strength and resistance to twisting

Chapter 6: Bones and Bone Tissue – Comprehensive Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions