Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation has lost electrons and has a positive charge, while an anion has gained electrons and has a negative charge.

Question 2

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons equally between two atoms?

Accepted Answer

Non-polar covalent bond

Question 3

A solution has a pH of 5. What is the hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$ compared to a solution with pH 7?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] is 100 $$times greater

Question 4

Which of the following statements about water is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules interact via ionic bonds.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They have no double bonds, allowing molecules to pack closely together.

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the digestion and storage of carbohydrates from fries?

Accepted Answer

Fries contain starch, which is digested into glucose, which is then used for energy and stored as glycogen for later use.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of phospholipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They are the main component of cellular membranes.

Question 8

A protein's tertiary structure is primarily stabilized by which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the law of mass action as it applies to protein-ligand binding?

Accepted Answer

If the concentration of protein $$[P] or $$ligand $$[L]$$ increases, the reaction will shift to form more $$[PL]$$ until equilibrium is restored.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the effect of an allosteric inhibitor on a protein?

Accepted Answer

It binds to a regulatory site and decreases protein-ligand binding.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of triglycerides in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They store energy in adipose tissue.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about protein denaturation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation can be caused by extreme pH or temperature changes.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds contain large amounts of carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic compounds generally do not.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

RNA is involved in protein synthesis and ribosome structure.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the universal solvent?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can disrupt ionic and polar bonds, allowing many substances to dissolve.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are found in shells orbiting the nucleus.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It forms polymers from monomers by removing water.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of protein-ligand specificity?

Accepted Answer

Lactase enzyme binding specifically to lactose.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of up-regulation in a cell?

Accepted Answer

It increases the amount of protein synthesized by the cell.

Question 20

Which of the following is a property of electrolytes in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They are inorganic substances whose ions conduct electrical current when dissolved in water.

Chemistry Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology: Matter, Atoms, and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions