Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It separates the intracellular fluid (ICF) from the extracellular fluid (ECF), regulates exchange, communicates with the environment, and provides structural support.

Question 2

A patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is likely to experience which of the following symptoms due to defective cilia and flagella?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is a dynamic structure with proteins, phospholipids, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and cholesterol that can move laterally.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water-soluble (hydrophilic) molecules cannot easily cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is composed of a hydrophobic lipid bilayer that acts as a barrier to water-soluble molecules.

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the lumen of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

It is an extension of the external environment until substances are absorbed.

Question 6

Which organelle is primarily responsible for the synthesis of proteins that are to be secreted from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Question 7

A scientist is studying a tissue that lines the blood vessels and allows for rapid gas exchange. Which type of epithelial tissue is she most likely observing?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)

Question 8

Which of the following cell junctions allows for direct communication between adjacent cells by permitting the passage of ions and small molecules?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of lysosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion and removal of nonfunctional organelles (autophagy)

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Providing cell shape, facilitating movement, and organizing intracellular transport

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into extracellular compartments; exocrine glands release products to the external environment, usually through ducts.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of ribosomal RNA

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the mitochondria is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria contain their own DNA and are the primary site of ATP production in the cell.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of motor proteins such as dynein and kinesin?

Accepted Answer

They facilitate movement of vesicles and organelles along cytoskeletal fibers using ATP.

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and helps defend the body from foreign invaders.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

It is a programmed cell death process where the cell shrinks and is removed without causing inflammation.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between the apical and basolateral membranes of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

The apical membrane faces the lumen, while the basolateral membrane faces the extracellular fluid.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins received from the rough ER

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the glycocalyx?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of carbohydrates attached to proteins and lipids on the external surface of the cell membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly.

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues – Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards