Q: Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Na\textsuperscript{+}/K\textsuperscript{+} pump

Q: Which of the following best describes the Na\textsuperscript{+}/K\textsuperscript{+} pump?

Moves 3 Na\textsuperscript{+} out and 2 K\textsuperscript{+} in using ATP

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of calculating the number of neutrons in an atom of aluminum (Al)?

Accepted Answer

Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass: $$27 - 13 = 14$$ neutrons.

Question 2

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structural hierarchy in the body from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 3

Where does glycolysis occur and how many net ATP are produced from glycolysis per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Occurs in cytoplasm, net 2 ATP

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the main function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a selective barrier, regulating what enters and exits the cell, and maintains homeostasis.

Question 5

During protein synthesis, which process occurs first and what is produced?

Accepted Answer

Transcription occurs first, producing mRNA.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} pump

Question 7

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following best defines anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy: Structure; Physiology: Function

Question 9

Which of the following tissues is avascular and relies on diffusion for nutrient supply?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between epithelial and connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue is cell-rich and covers surfaces; connective tissue is matrix-rich and supports.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of a disaccharide formed from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glucose + glucose = maltose

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} pump?

Accepted Answer

Moves 3 Na	extsuperscript{+} out and 2 K	extsuperscript{+} in using ATP

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of proteoglycans in joints?

Accepted Answer

Attract and hold water, providing shock absorption and lubrication

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the fate of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to lactic acid through fermentation.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the resting concentrations of sodium (Na	extsuperscript{+}) and potassium (K	extsuperscript{+}) ions in a typical cell?

Accepted Answer

Na	extsuperscript{+} is higher outside the cell; K	extsuperscript{+} is higher inside.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of facilitated passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Uses carrier or channel proteins to move substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct definition of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Maintenance of a stable internal environment.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a negative feedback system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels widen to increase blood flow and release heat.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the serous membrane?

Accepted Answer

Opens to the external environment.

Comprehensive Study Guide for Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1

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