Q: Which equation best represents the metabolism of glucose during cellular respiration?

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + 6\mathrm{O_2} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$

Q: Which of the following best describes the Central Dogma of Biology?

$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Question 2

Which feedback loop is illustrated by the regulation of blood glucose levels after eating a meal?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven characteristics of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 4

Which equation best represents the metabolism of glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + 6\mathrm{O_2} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the universal solvent in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to dissolve both ionic and polar substances.

Question 6

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic compared to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will lose water and shrink (crenate).

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive and active transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport requires ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Question 8

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of a positive feedback loop in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Release of oxytocin during childbirth to intensify uterine contractions

Question 10

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Central Dogma of Biology?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$

Question 12

Which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

Maintains the resting membrane potential by moving 3 Na$^+$ out and 2 K$^+$ in per ATP hydrolyzed.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin is the loosely packed form of DNA present during interphase, while chromosomes are the condensed form visible during cell division.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a major macromolecule found in cells?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes

Question 16

Which type of chemical bond is least likely to dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids with the release of water

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 20

Which step of translation involves the addition of amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

Elongation

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