$$\text{Prothrombin} + \text{Prothrombin Activator} \rightarrow \text{Thrombin}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of erythrocytes in human blood?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen bound to hemoglobin molecules

Question 2

A patient presents with a high hematocrit and increased blood viscosity. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and acts as a blood buffer?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of leukocytes and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Buffy coat

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

Question 6

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Type A, type B, type AB, and type O

Question 7

Which white blood cell type is most abundant and acts as a phagocyte at sites of infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 8

What is the primary function of the heme group in hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

To bind oxygen for transport

Question 9

A patient with sickle cell anemia has a mutation affecting which component of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

The amino acid sequence in the beta chain

Question 10

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating red blood cell production in response to hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 11

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why type O blood is considered the universal donor?

Accepted Answer

It lacks both A and B antigens

Question 13

Which of the following is a possible consequence of a mismatched blood transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Hemolysis and kidney failure

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a temporary plug by adhering to exposed collagen fibers

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Prothrombin} + 	ext{Prothrombin Activator} ightarrow 	ext{Thrombin}$$

Question 16

A woman who is Rh-negative becomes pregnant with an Rh-positive baby. What is the risk in subsequent pregnancies if she is not treated?

Accepted Answer

Her antibodies may attack the baby's red blood cells, causing hemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 17

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for fighting chronic infections and acts as a macrophage in tissues?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of diapedesis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of leukocytes out of blood vessels into tissues

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of plasma proteins?

Accepted Answer

Regulating osmotic pressure and pH

Question 20

A patient with leukemia is likely to have which of the following blood characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Excessive numbers of immature white blood cells

Comprehensive Study Notes: Blood (Chapter 10, Human Anatomy & Physiology II)

Study Guide - Practice Questions