Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of epithelial tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Covers surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands.

Question 2

A histologist is examining a tissue sample under a microscope. Before staining, the tissue appears transparent. What is the primary purpose of applying a dye to the sample?

Accepted Answer

To enhance contrast and reveal cellular structures.

Question 3

Which statement about epithelial tissue is correct?

Accepted Answer

All epithelial tissue has one surface adjacent to an open space.

Question 4

A nutrient absorbed from the small intestine into the bloodstream passes through how many layers of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 5

Which characteristic of epithelial tissue makes it particularly prone to developing cancer?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells divide regularly.

Question 6

Why are tight junctions important in the epithelial tissue of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions ensure all nutrients are absorbed through epithelial cells, allowing for selective permeability.

Question 7

You observe a tissue slide with a single layer of cells next to an open surface. The cells are roughly as tall as they are wide. How would you identify this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium.

Question 8

Which feature of simple squamous epithelium makes it ideal for rapid diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It is very thin.

Question 9

Columnar epithelial tissue in the intestine and trachea differ in which way?

Accepted Answer

Cells in the intestine will have microvilli to aid in absorption. Cells in the trachea will have cilia to move mucus.

Question 10

Which tissue type allows the bladder to stretch and return to its original shape, making it possible to inflate animal bladders for use in sports balls?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium.

Question 11

What is the primary function of goblet cells in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Secreting mucus.

Question 12

Which type of multicellular gland needs to be completely regenerated each time it secretes product?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine.

Question 13

What part of connective tissue takes up most of the volume?

Accepted Answer

Extracellular Matrix.

Question 14

Which type of protein fiber in connective tissue resists force in multiple directions due to its netlike structure?

Accepted Answer

Reticular fibers.

Question 15

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome can cause hyper-elasticity of the skin. Which fiber is most likely deficient, and why?

Accepted Answer

Collagen is not elastic; the condition likely results in less collagen, allowing skin to stretch more than usual.

Question 16

During a dissection, you are asked to identify a connective tissue with a gel-like matrix that forms the inside structure of the spleen. What is the type of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Reticular Connective Tissue.

Question 17

What feature about dense regular connective tissue makes it well suited for tendons?

Accepted Answer

The uniform direction of fibers make it extremely strong.

Question 18

Marfan syndrome affects the production and maintenance of elastic fibers in the ECM. What is a serious complication of this syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Rupture of the aorta, as elastic connective tissue in large blood vessels allows for stretching and recoil.

Question 19

Which of the following movements requires smooth muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels constricting to restrict blood flow.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Histology (Ch. 4) – Tissue Types and Their Characteristics

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