Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for ATP production through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between rough ER (RER) and smooth ER (SER)?

Accepted Answer

RER has ribosomes, SER does not

Question 4

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 5

Which structure is found in animal cells but not in plant cells and is essential for organizing spindle fibers during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 6

What is the main function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus

Question 8

What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 9

Which process is responsible for the physical division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 10

A cell is observed to have no membrane-bound organelles and a nucleoid region. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 11

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and shipping proteins?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

What is the primary function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Digesting waste

Question 13

Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a difference between plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of mitochondria

Question 15

Where are ribosomes assembled in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Controls entry and exit of substances

Question 17

A student confuses the roles of RER and SER. Which statement correctly distinguishes them?

Accepted Answer

RER has ribosomes and synthesizes proteins; SER lacks ribosomes and synthesizes lipids

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Scaffolding for shape, movement, and transport

Question 19

If a cell is in metaphase, what is happening to its chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

They are lining up at the metaphase plate

Question 20

Which of the following is true about eukaryotic cells but NOT prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They have membrane-bound organelles

Cytology & Mitosis: Study Guide for ANP College Students

Study Guide - Practice Questions