$$ \text{Starch} \xrightarrow{\text{amylase}} \text{Maltose} $$

Question 1

Which of the following is a primary function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Chemical breakdown of food into small organic molecules that can be absorbed by the digestive epithelium

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a major layer of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

laminar layer

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

production of extrinsic factor

Question 4

Which cells in the stomach produce pepsinogen?

Accepted Answer

chief cells

Question 5

The segment of the small intestine closest to the stomach, often called the 'mixing bowl,' is the:

Accepted Answer

duodenum

Question 6

Which of the following are considered accessory organs of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 7

Which process best describes the movement of food through the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

peristalsis

Question 8

Which is the deepest layer of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Mucous Membrane (mucosa)

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

formation of the bolus

Question 10

The rectum comprises the ___________ of the large intestine.

Accepted Answer

last 20 cm

Question 11

A patient has a blockage in the pancreatic duct. Which digestive process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Chemical digestion of proteins and carbohydrates in the small intestine

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the teniae coli in the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Maintain muscle tone and help compact fecal material

Question 13

Which layer of the GI tract contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and a nerve plexus?

Accepted Answer

Submucosa

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the greater omentum?

Accepted Answer

Attaches organs to the cavity wall and stores fat

Question 15

A patient with a damaged pyloric sphincter would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled movement of chyme into the duodenum

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They increase surface area for absorption

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the chemical digestion of starch into sugar molecules?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Starch} \xrightarrow{	ext{amylase}} 	ext{Maltose} $$

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the muscularis externa of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

It is responsible for peristalsis and segmentation

Question 19

A patient with a deficiency in intrinsic factor would most likely have difficulty absorbing which nutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the hepatic portal system?

Accepted Answer

It transports absorbed nutrients from the small intestine to the liver for processing

Digestive System: Structure and Function – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions