Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for absorption

Question 2

A tissue sample from the alveoli of the lungs is examined under a microscope. The cells are flat and arranged in a single layer. Which type of epithelial tissue is this, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium; diffusion

Question 3

Which of the following statements about epithelial tissue is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue is supported by underlying connective tissue and is highly regenerative.

Question 4

A patient with celiac disease has damage to which specific structure, leading to poor nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 5

Which cell junction is primarily responsible for preventing molecules from passing between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junction

Question 6

Stratified squamous epithelium is best suited for which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Protection in areas subject to abrasion

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why the epidermis of the skin is classified as keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Its apical cells are flat and filled with a tough protein that provides protection.

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the classification of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium consists of a single layer of tall cells.

Question 9

A gland that releases its secretion directly into the bloodstream without the use of ducts is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of goblet cells in the respiratory and digestive tracts?

Accepted Answer

Production of mucus for lubrication and protection

Question 11

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows multiple layers of cells that change shape when stretched. What type of epithelium is this, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium; allows for distention

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between membranous and glandular epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Membranous epithelium covers and lines surfaces, while glandular epithelium forms the secretory tissue of glands.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the basement membrane?

Accepted Answer

A noncellular structure composed of the basal lamina and reticular fibers

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the importance of the high regenerative capacity of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

The ability of the skin to heal after a superficial cut

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Selective filtration and scaffolding for new epithelial cells

Question 16

A multicellular exocrine gland with a branched duct and tube-shaped secretory units is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Compound tubular gland

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why simple squamous epithelium is found in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Its thin, flat structure allows for efficient gas exchange by diffusion.

Question 18

Which of the following cell junctions allows for the passage of ions and small molecules between adjacent epithelial cells, facilitating communication?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 19

A tissue sample from the trachea shows a single layer of cells of varying heights, with nuclei at different levels and cilia on the apical surface. What type of epithelium is this, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium; movement of mucus

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells, while stratified epithelium has two or more layers.

Epithelial Tissue: Structure, Classification, and Function

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