Question 1

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows communication between them, transmitting approximately 4 billion impulses per second?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the left primary motor cortex. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Impaired voluntary movement on the right side of the body

Question 3

Which lobe of the cerebrum is primarily responsible for processing auditory information?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe

Question 4

The cerebellum is responsible for which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Coordinating skeletal muscle movements and interpreting proprioceptive input

Question 5

Which brain region acts as a relay and processing center for sensory information, filtering input before it reaches the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 6

Damage to the Broca’s area would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty regulating breathing and vocalization required for speech

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

Relay station and autonomic regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rhythm

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the crossing over of sensory and motor pathways in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over occurs in the brainstem and spinal cord

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Filtering sensory input

Question 10

A patient presents with loss of coordination and balance. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Provides cushioning, nutrient transport, and waste removal for the brain and spinal cord

Question 12

Which meningeal layer is in direct contact with the surface of the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 13

A lesion in the right parietal lobe would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Impaired spatial visualization and analysis

Question 14

Which of the following structures is responsible for producing dopamine and is involved in movement regulation?

Accepted Answer

Substantia nigra

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves and spinal cord segments?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{spinal\ nerves} = N_{cervical} + N_{thoracic} + N_{lumbar} + N_{sacral} + N_{coccygeal}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why white matter appears white in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of myelinated axons

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the ventricles of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Lateral ventricles → Third ventricle → Fourth ventricle → Central canal

Question 18

A patient is unable to regulate their sleep/wake cycle. Which structure is most likely dysfunctional?

Accepted Answer

Pineal gland

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the dorsal root ganglion in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

It contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the reticular formation located in the brainstem?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of consciousness and alertness

Functional Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

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