Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the integration process in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It processes and interprets sensory input, deciding on a response at a control center.

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Which of the following structures is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerves

Question 3

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for conscious control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 4

Which neuroglia cell type is most abundant in the CNS and helps form the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 5

What is the primary function of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Forming myelin sheaths around peripheral nerve fibers

Question 6

Which structural class of neuron is most common in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neurons

Question 7

A nerve impulse travels from the skin to the spinal cord. Which type of neuron is involved in this pathway?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Question 9

What is the main difference between saltatory and continuous conduction?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated axons and is about 30 times faster.

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$ V_{m} = -70 \ 	ext{mV} $$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a way neurotransmitter effects are terminated at a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Active transport of neurotransmitter into postsynaptic neuron

Question 12

Which scenario best illustrates the function of interneurons?

Accepted Answer

Shuttling signals between sensory and motor neurons within the CNS

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence for information transfer across a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Action potential arrives at axon terminal, neurotransmitter released, neurotransmitter binds to postsynaptic membrane

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Recapturing and recycling neurotransmitters

Question 15

Which neuron type is most likely to be found in the retina of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of oligodendrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Forming myelin sheaths in the CNS

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about electrical synapses?

Accepted Answer

They are joined by gap junctions and allow rapid communication.

Question 18

A patient has a loss of function in the autonomic nervous system. Which of the following would most likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of smooth muscle and glands

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of dendrites?

Accepted Answer

Receptive (input) region that conveys incoming messages toward the cell body

Question 20

Which equation best describes the relationship between conduction velocity and axon diameter?

Accepted Answer

$$ v \propto d $$

Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions