Q: A patient presents with a low hematocrit. Which of the following is the most likely physiological consequence?

Decreased oxygen carrying capacity, indicating anemia

Q: Which of the following best describes the structure of hemoglobin?

A protein with four polypeptide subunits, each bound to an iron-containing heme group

Q: Which equation best represents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin during coagulation?

$\text{Prothrombin} + \text{Factor Xa} + \text{Factor Va} + \text{Ca}^{2+} \rightarrow \text{Thrombin}$

Q: A patient with type AB+ blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Type O-, Type A+, Type B+, Type AB+

Q: A newborn is diagnosed with erythroblastosis fetalis. Which scenario most likely led to this condition?

An Rh-negative mother gave birth to an Rh-positive fetus, and maternal anti-Rh antibodies crossed the placenta

Q: Which of the following best describes the function of erythropoietin?

Increases the rate of erythrocyte production and decreases maturation time

Q: Which of the following is a correct match between a leukocyte and its function?

Monocyte: Ingests dead and dying cells, bacteria, antigens, and cellular debris

Q: Which equation best represents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation?

$\text{Fibrinogen} + \text{Thrombin} \rightarrow \text{Fibrin}$

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the ABO blood group?

Type O has neither A nor B antigens present on erythrocytes

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the composition of blood?

Accepted Answer

Plasma (55%), erythrocytes (44%), leukocytes and platelets (<1% each)

Question 2

A patient presents with a low hematocrit. Which of the following is the most likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygen carrying capacity, indicating anemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A patient with a parasitic worm infection is likely to have an elevated count of which leukocyte?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the structure of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A protein with four polypeptide subunits, each bound to an iron-containing heme group

Question 6

Which equation best represents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Prothrombin} + 	ext{Factor Xa} + 	ext{Factor Va} + 	ext{Ca}^{2+} ightarrow 	ext{Thrombin}$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 8

A patient with type AB+ blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Type O-, Type A+, Type B+, Type AB+

Question 9

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for the initial reduction of blood flow after vessel injury?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm

Question 10

Which component of hemoglobin is excreted after erythrocyte death?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Question 11

A newborn is diagnosed with erythroblastosis fetalis. Which scenario most likely led to this condition?

Accepted Answer

An Rh-negative mother gave birth to an Rh-positive fetus, and maternal anti-Rh antibodies crossed the placenta

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of erythropoietin?

Accepted Answer

Increases the rate of erythrocyte production and decreases maturation time

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct match between a leukocyte and its function?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte: Ingests dead and dying cells, bacteria, antigens, and cellular debris

Question 14

Which pathway of coagulation is initiated when clotting factor XII contacts exposed collagen fibers?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic pathway

Question 15

Which equation best represents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Fibrinogen} + 	ext{Thrombin} ightarrow 	ext{Fibrin}$

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the ABO blood group?

Accepted Answer

Type O has neither A nor B antigens present on erythrocytes

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of platelets (thrombocytes)?

Accepted Answer

Formed from megakaryocytes, involved in hemostasis/clotting

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of platelet aggregation?

Accepted Answer

von Willebrand factor binds to platelets, causing them to become sticky and form a platelet plug

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between blood type and plasma antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Type B: anti-A antibody

Question 20

A patient with a bacterial infection is likely to have an elevated count of which leukocyte?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Guided Study: Chapter 19 – Blood (ANP College Course)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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