Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the ATP hydrolysis reaction that powers the sodium-potassium pump?

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process illustrated in the first image, where ATP is used to move ions across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport

Question 2

In the sodium-potassium pump cycle (images A–F), for each molecule of ATP hydrolyzed, how many sodium ions ($$\mathrm{Na^+}) $$are pumped out of the cell and how many potassium ions ($$\mathrm{K^+}) $$are pumped in?

Accepted Answer

3 $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ out, 2 $$\mathrm{K^+} in$$

Question 3

Which step in the sodium-potassium pump cycle (images A–F) directly involves the binding of ATP to the pump?

Accepted Answer

Step E

Question 4

What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

To maintain the resting membrane potential by creating a gradient of $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{K^+}$$

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the ATP hydrolysis reaction that powers the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H_2O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 6

In the generalized cell diagram (image 8), which structure is labeled 'A' and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum; protein synthesis

Question 7

Which structure in the generalized cell diagram (image 8) is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins to their final destinations?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell according to osmosis principles?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink as water leaves

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli in cells?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 10

Which cytoskeletal element is described as having the largest diameter and being composed of tubulin?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Question 11

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 12

Which organelle is most abundant in cells that require large amounts of energy, such as skeletal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 13

What is the main difference between passive and active membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires ATP, passive transport does not

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability

Question 15

Which type of cell junction allows ions to pass directly from one cell to another?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 16

Which process involves the movement of cholesterol into a cell?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 17

What is the function of the glycocalyx on the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Provides cell recognition and adhesion

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the resting membrane potential of a typical cell?

Accepted Answer

The cytoplasmic side is negative relative to the extracellular side

Question 19

Which molecule carries instructions from DNA for building proteins?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Question 20

Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for digesting cellular debris and bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Guided Study Notes for ANP Chapter 3: Cells – The Living Units

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards