Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of simple squamous epithelium, as seen lining the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion and filtration

Question 2

A tissue sample from the trachea shows a single layer of cells with nuclei at varying heights, cilia, and goblet cells. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 3

Which component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is primarily responsible for resisting tensile (stretching) forces?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 4

A patient with a genetic defect in elastin production would most likely have problems with which tissue property?

Accepted Answer

Ability to stretch and recoil

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of goblet cells found in the respiratory and digestive tracts?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of mucus for protection and lubrication

Question 6

Which type of gland releases its product by exocytosis without damaging the secretory cell, as seen in most sweat and salivary glands?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 7

A biopsy from the urinary bladder reveals dome-shaped surface cells that flatten when the bladder is full. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 8

Which of the following connective tissues is specialized for energy storage, insulation, and cushioning of organs?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the basement membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue

Question 10

A tendon is composed primarily of which type of connective tissue, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue; transmits force from muscle to bone

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the main function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Form a supportive network for cells in organs like lymph nodes and spleen

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of cartilage that distinguishes it from other connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

It is avascular and relies on diffusion for nutrient supply

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found lining the esophagus and skin?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection against abrasion and pathogens

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the ground substance in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

Providing a medium for the exchange of nutrients and waste

Question 15

A gland that accumulates its product until the cell ruptures, releasing both the product and cell fragments, is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of proteoglycans in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

They form aggregates that resist compression and act as diffusion barriers

Question 17

Which of the following cell types is responsible for producing the fibers and ground substance in connective tissue proper?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts

Question 18

A tissue sample from the small intestine shows a single layer of tall, rectangular cells with microvilli and goblet cells. What is the primary function of this epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Absorption and secretion of mucus

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood; exocrine glands secrete products onto surfaces or into cavities via ducts

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why dense regular connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

It contains parallel collagen fibers for unidirectional tensile strength

Histology: Structure and Function of Tissues

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