Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the ground substance of the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

They hydrate the extracellular fluid by drawing water out of cells.

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic disorder that affects the production of collagen fibers. Which tissue function is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Ability to resist tensile (stretching) and compressive forces

Question 3

Which of the following epithelial tissues is best adapted for rapid diffusion of gases and is found lining the air sacs of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the basement membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It consists of a basal lamina produced by epithelial cells and a reticular lamina produced by connective tissue.

Question 5

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis into a duct is classified as which type of gland and by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine gland; merocrine secretion

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is essentially avascular, so nutrients and oxygen must diffuse through the ECM, limiting repair.

Question 7

Which connective tissue type is specialized for fat storage, insulation, and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 8

A tissue sample shows cells with multiple layers, apical cells that are flat and dead, and a high content of keratin. Where is this tissue most likely found?

Accepted Answer

On the outer layer of the skin (epidermis)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form weblike networks that support cells and trap foreign cells.

Question 10

A patient has a wound that heals with the formation of dense irregular connective tissue and loss of some function. Which process has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Fibrosis

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue but NOT skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Presence of intercalated discs containing gap junctions

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues are limited in thickness?

Accepted Answer

They are avascular and rely on diffusion from underlying tissues for nutrients and oxygen.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the repair of nervous tissue after injury?

Accepted Answer

Neuroglial cells can divide and replace dead neurons with scar tissue.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the main function of goblet cells in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

They secrete mucus to protect underlying epithelium.

Question 15

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that change shape from cuboidal to flat when stretched. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Reducing friction between moving organs by producing a thin, watery fluid

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete products onto epithelial surfaces through ducts.

Question 18

Which of the following is a key requirement for effective tissue repair and collagen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Adequate supply of vitamin C

Question 19

Which of the following connective tissue types is best suited to resist tension in multiple directions and is found in the dermis of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 20

A patient with a deficiency in cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) would most likely experience which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Impaired ability of cells to adhere to each other and the ECM

Histology: Structure and Function of Tissues

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