Question 1

Which of the following best describes a communicable disease?

Accepted Answer

A disease that is spread from person to person, either directly or indirectly.

Question 2

Which scenario best illustrates an exogenous hospital-associated infection (HAI)?

Accepted Answer

A patient acquires pneumonia from bacteria present on a ventilator used by multiple patients.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable disease?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Question 4

A patient develops endocarditis after a dental procedure due to bacteria from their own mouth entering the bloodstream. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Endogenous HAI

Question 5

Which of the following strategies is considered the most important and cost-effective for preventing hospital-associated infections (HAIs)?

Accepted Answer

Hand hygiene

Question 6

A disease that develops rapidly, shows intense symptoms, and lasts for a short period is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Acute disease

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a focal infection?

Accepted Answer

An infection that starts locally but spreads to other tissues or organs.

Question 8

Which of the following is a real-world example of a pandemic disease?

Accepted Answer

COVID-19 spreading across multiple continents

Question 9

A patient develops a yeast infection after taking broad-spectrum antibiotics. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A noncommunicable disease due to disruption of normal microbiota

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for preventing HAIs according to the CDC and WHO?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring environmental cleaning to save costs

Question 11

A boil on the skin is an example of which type of infection?

Accepted Answer

Local infection

Question 12

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the development of hospital-associated infections (HAIs)?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to hand hygiene protocols

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an epidemic disease?

Accepted Answer

A disease that shows a sudden increase in cases spreading through a large population.

Question 14

A patient contracts tetanus after stepping on a rusty nail. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A noncommunicable disease introduced by outside microbes

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of antibiotic stewardship in a hospital setting?

Accepted Answer

Using antibiotics only when necessary and appropriate to reduce resistance

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of a chronic disease?

Accepted Answer

Develops slowly and may last a lifetime

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a systemic infection?

Accepted Answer

An infection that spreads throughout the body

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of a focal infection?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcal pharyngitis leading to scarlet fever

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a way that communicable diseases can be spread?

Accepted Answer

Introduction of outside microbes such as tetanus

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of surveillance in preventing HAIs?

Accepted Answer

It involves monitoring and early detection of clusters and outbreaks.

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology: Classification and Hospital-Associated Infections

Study Guide - Practice Questions