Q: Which of the following is a correct equation for estimating the percentage of body surface area burned using the rule of nines?

$$Total\ Burned\ Area\ (\%) = 9\% \times (Head\ and\ Neck) + 18\% \times (Anterior\ Trunk) + 18\% \times (Posterior\ Trunk) + 9\% \times (Each\ Arm) + 18\% \times (Each\ Leg) + 1\% \times (Perineum)$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, painful, and blistered. Which type of burn does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 3

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the yellow, reddish brown, or black coloration of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 4

Which layer of the skin is avascular and composed of stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis

Question 5

A patient has a mole with irregular borders, multiple colors, and a diameter larger than 6 mm. Which type of skin cancer should be most suspected?

Accepted Answer

Malignant melanoma

Question 6

Which gland is responsible for producing an oily substance that keeps the skin soft and moist and is activated at puberty?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of keratin in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

It toughens cells and makes the skin water-resistant.

Question 8

A person with a third-degree burn will most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Painless, blanched or blackened skin requiring grafts

Question 9

Which structure is responsible for detecting deep pressure and vibration in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscle

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct equation for estimating the percentage of body surface area burned using the rule of nines?

Accepted Answer

$$Total\ Burned\ Area\ (\%) = 9\% 	imes (Head\ and\ Neck) + 18\% 	imes (Anterior\ Trunk) + 18\% 	imes (Posterior\ Trunk) + 9\% 	imes (Each\ Arm) + 18\% 	imes (Each\ Leg) + 1\% 	imes (Perineum)$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains how the skin helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

By activating sweat glands and controlling blood flow to the skin

Question 12

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and contains stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 13

A patient with a genetic disorder cannot produce keratin. Which of the following symptoms would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Skin is fragile and prone to dehydration

Question 14

Which of the following appendages is a heavily keratinized, scalelike modification of the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Nail

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of melanocytes in the skin?

Accepted Answer

They produce melanin to protect against UV radiation.

Question 16

A patient presents with a dry, leathery wound that extends into muscle and bone. What is the most likely classification of this burn?

Accepted Answer

Fourth-degree burn

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the acidic sweat produced by eccrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Regulates body temperature and excretes metabolic waste

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the dermis?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of connective tissue and contains blood vessels.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process by which the skin synthesizes vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Modified cholesterol molecules in the skin are converted to vitamin D in the presence of sunlight.

Question 20

Which of the following is the most common and least malignant type of skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

Basal cell carcinoma

Integumentary System: Structure, Functions, and Clinical Aspects

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