Question 1

Which age group in the United States has the highest percentage of people with diabetes, according to the provided data?

Accepted Answer

65 years and older

Question 2

Based on the data, which racial/ethnic group has the highest prevalence of diabetes in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Native American

Question 3

If a person has a BMI of 32, what is their relative likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to someone with a BMI less than 25?

Accepted Answer

$$3.35$$

Question 4

Which organ system is primarily responsible for filtering the blood to regulate sodium, potassium, and ion concentrations?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 5

What is the main function of epithelial cells in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Form a barrier and transport nutrients

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a regulated variable maintained by homeostatic mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Reproductive hormone levels

Question 7

A person with a BMI of $$36 is $$how many times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus than someone with a BMI less than $$25$$?

Accepted Answer

$$6.16$$

Question 8

Which cell type is specialized to transmit information in the form of electrical signals?

Accepted Answer

Neurons

Question 9

What is the primary difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Question 10

Which organ system is responsible for defending the body against pathogens and abnormal cells?

Accepted Answer

Immune system

Question 11

According to the graph, what is the predicted number of people with diabetes worldwide in 2035?

Accepted Answer

600 million

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the negative feedback loop regulating blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

A rise in blood glucose triggers insulin release, which decreases blood glucose toward normal

Question 13

Which fluid compartment contains the highest proportion of total body water?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular fluid

Question 14

What is the main physiological consequence of glucose in the urine for untreated diabetics?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration due to water loss

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible explanation for the increasing prevalence of diabetes in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Increased obesity rates and sedentary lifestyles

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Increased protein in the urine

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Transport molecules throughout the body in the bloodstream

Question 18

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of constant conditions in the internal environment

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of positive feedback in physiology?

Accepted Answer

The response amplifies the initial change

Question 20

A patient with diabetes insipidus is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Excessive urination and thirst

Introduction to Human Physiology and the Diabetes Epidemic

Study Guide - Practice Questions