Question 1

Which structure in a typical vertebra allows the spinal cord to pass through it?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral foramen

Question 2

A woman sees a soccer ball moving toward her and kicks it. Which sequence best describes the functional divisions of her nervous system involved in this action?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input → Integration → Motor output

Question 3

Which structural class of neuron is most commonly found in the central nervous system and is responsible for integrating information?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It acts as an insulator, speeding up impulse conduction.

Question 5

Which process describes the movement of substances from the cell body toward the axon terminal?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde axonal transport

Question 6

Which type of glial cell is responsible for forming cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 7

What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

The inside of the neuron is more negative than the outside.

Question 9

A patient is given a drug that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels in neurons. What effect will this have on action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials will not be generated.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a way synaptic transmission is terminated?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake of the neurotransmitter into the postsynaptic neuron

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory and primarily found in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Glycine

Question 12

A virus travels from a muscle fiber to the spinal cord using retrograde axonal transport. Which disease is most likely associated with this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Poliomyelitis

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the effect of demyelination on nerve impulse conduction?

Accepted Answer

Impulse conduction is slowed.

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with the regulation of mood and is targeted by SSRIs in depressive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a graded (local) potential?

Accepted Answer

It varies in size depending on the strength of the stimulus.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the environment around neurons

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where the axon arises from the cell body.

Question 18

Which of the following neurotransmitters is a catecholamine involved in movement, emotion, and motivation?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of a local anesthetic on neurons?

Accepted Answer

It blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing action potentials.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct equation for the Nernst potential for an ion?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{ion} = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[ion]_{out}}{[ion]_{in}} \right)$$

Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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