Question 1

Which structure in a typical vertebra allows the spinal cord to pass through it?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral foramen

Question 2

A woman sees a soccer ball moving toward her and kicks it. Which sequence best describes the flow of information in her nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input → Integration → Motor output

Question 3

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the central nervous system and is responsible for integrating information?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It insulates axons to speed up electrical conduction.

Question 5

Which process describes the movement of the poliovirus from the neuromuscular junction to the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Retrograde axonal transport

Question 6

Which of the following neurotransmitters is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 7

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences slowed nerve conduction. Which cell type is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a way synaptic transmission is terminated?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake of the neurotransmitter into the postsynaptic neuron

Question 9

Which equation best represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential for an ion?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{ion} = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[ion]_{out}}{[ion]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

They maintain the environment around neurons and assist in their function.

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in mediating pain relief?

Accepted Answer

Opioids

Question 12

A patient is prescribed a medication that blocks sodium channels in the axolemma. Which disorder is this medication most likely intended to treat?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of electrical synapses?

Accepted Answer

They allow nearly instantaneous, bidirectional transmission.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of GABA in the brain?

Accepted Answer

It induces inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs).

Question 15

Which step in axonal regeneration involves the formation of a regeneration tube?

Accepted Answer

Step 3: Neurolemmocytes and basal lamina form a regeneration tube

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the effect of a local anesthetic on neurons?

Accepted Answer

It blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing action potentials.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the visceral motor division of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulating involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They maintain the blood-brain barrier and regulate the extracellular environment.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It is typically more negative inside the cell compared to the outside.

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from tryptophan and is a major mood regulator?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions