Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen transport to tissues

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between lymphatic vessels and blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels have valves to prevent backflow and transport lymph at lower pressure and speed than blood vessels

Question 3

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which of the following regions would most likely experience impaired lymph drainage?

Accepted Answer

Left leg

Question 4

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Pumping action of the heart

Question 5

Which of the following cell types is responsible for directly attacking and destroying infected or cancerous cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 6

A breast cancer patient is found to have cancer cells in her axillary lymph nodes. This is an example of which process?

Accepted Answer

Metastasis via lymphatic spread

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

Accepted Answer

It provides immune defense in body passages open to the exterior, such as the digestive and respiratory tracts

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis of old red blood cells

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the complement system?

Accepted Answer

It can be activated to promote inflammation, immune clearance, phagocytosis, and cytolysis

Question 10

A child develops swelling, redness, heat, and pain after scraping her knee. Which of the following best explains the physiological basis for the heat observed at the injury site?

Accepted Answer

Hyperemia due to local vasodilation

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity includes barriers and general responses, while adaptive immunity is specific and develops memory

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of a secondary immune response?

Accepted Answer

It results in a rapid and robust production of IgG antibodies

Question 13

A patient receives a kidney transplant from a genetically unrelated donor. Which type of graft is this, and what is the main immunological concern?

Accepted Answer

Allograft (homograft); risk of rejection due to immune response against non-self antigens

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why HIV infection leads to immunodeficiency?

Accepted Answer

HIV infects and destroys helper T (CD4) cells, crippling the entire immune response

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of passive, naturally acquired immunity?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies transferred from mother to fetus via placenta

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of clonal selection in B cells?

Accepted Answer

B cells are activated by helper T cells and undergo mitosis to produce clones specific to the antigen

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of IgA antibodies?

Accepted Answer

They are found in mucous membranes and provide protection at body surfaces

Question 18

A patient develops a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after eating peanuts. Which type of hypersensitivity is this, and which antibody is primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Type I hypersensitivity; IgE

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the purpose of fever during infection?

Accepted Answer

Fever inhibits bacterial growth and speeds up tissue repair

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

APCs present processed antigens on MHC molecules to T cells, initiating the adaptive immune response

Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards