Q: Which equation correctly calculates the osmolarity of a 2 mM solution of CaCl$$_2$$?

$$2\ \text{mM} \times 3 = 6\ \text{mOsm/L}$$

Q: A solution contains 100 mM NaCl and 50 mM glucose. What is the total osmolarity of the solution?

$$100\ \text{mM} \times 2 + 50\ \text{mM} \times 1 = 250\ \text{mOsm/L}$$

Question 1

Which process is illustrated by the sequence of beakers in the first image, where a dye is added to water and gradually spreads until the solution is uniformly colored?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Based on the third image, what type of solution was the cell placed in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the sodium-potassium pump as shown in the image with ATP and ion exchange?

Accepted Answer

It transports 3 Na+ out of the cell and 2 K+ into the cell using ATP.

Question 4

Which property of cell membranes is depicted in the second image, where only certain molecules are shown passing through the membrane?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability

Question 5

A patient receives an intravenous solution with an osmolarity of 400 mOsm/L. Based on the concept of tonicity, what will happen to their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will shrink (crenation)

Question 6

Which equation correctly calculates the osmolarity of a 2 mM solution of CaCl$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$2\ 	ext{mM} 	imes 3 = 6\ 	ext{mOsm/L}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a property shared by all protein-mediated transport mechanisms across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They exhibit specificity, competition, and saturation

Question 8

A glucose molecule is transported into a cell against its concentration gradient, coupled with the movement of Na+ down its gradient. Which type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

Secondary active transport (co-transport)

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ion channels exhibit saturable kinetics?

Accepted Answer

There is a maximum rate at which ions can pass through the channel

Question 10

What is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy input, while facilitated diffusion does not

Question 11

Which process is depicted in the image showing vesicles budding from the plasma membrane and fusing with lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 12

A cell is placed in a solution and does not change in volume. What is the osmolarity of the solution relative to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The solution is isotonic

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of aquaporins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They allow passive diffusion of water across the membrane

Question 14

If a cell's sodium-potassium pumps stop functioning, what will be the immediate effect on secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

The sodium gradient will dissipate, halting secondary active transport

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the resting membrane potential of a typical cell?

Accepted Answer

It is maintained by the Na+-K+ ATPase pump

Question 16

Which process is responsible for the uptake of large particles, such as bacteria, by cells?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 17

A solution contains 100 mM NaCl and 50 mM glucose. What is the total osmolarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$100\ 	ext{mM} 	imes 2 + 50\ 	ext{mM} 	imes 1 = 250\ 	ext{mOsm/L}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a property of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Requires direct use of ATP

Question 19

Which process is illustrated by the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes transcytosis?

Accepted Answer

Combination of endocytosis and exocytosis to move substances across a cell

Membrane Transport: Diffusion, Osmosis, and Protein-Mediated Transport

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards