Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural organization of the nervous system as shown in the provided diagram?

Accepted Answer

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system consists of nerves and ganglia.

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of voluntary motor control in their right arm. Based on the functional organization of the nervous system, which division is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor system

Question 3

Which lobe of the cerebrum is primarily responsible for vision and visual memories?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 4

The corpus callosum is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A bundle of axons connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 5

Which connective tissue wrapping surrounds an individual axon within a nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 6

Which neuron characteristic allows for the release of neurotransmitter in response to conductive activity?

Accepted Answer

Secretion

Question 7

During the propagation of an action potential, which ion enters the axon to cause depolarization?

Accepted Answer

Na+

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents Ohm’s Law as applied to neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$I = \frac{V}{R}$$

Question 9

What is the typical resting membrane potential (RMP) of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$-70\ 	ext{mV}$$

Question 10

Which pump is primarily responsible for maintaining the concentration gradients of Na+ and K+ across the neuronal membrane?

Accepted Answer

Na+/K+ pump

Question 11

A neuron is exposed to a drug that blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. What is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

The neuron will be unable to depolarize and generate an action potential.

Question 12

Which segment of the neuron is responsible for the propagation of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Conductive segment

Question 13

Which statement best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It insulates the axon and increases the speed of action potential propagation.

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter is broken down by acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 15

Which of the following is a direct transmitter that binds to chemically gated channels?

Accepted Answer

Direct neurotransmitters

Question 16

A neuron is in the absolute refractory period. What is true about its voltage-gated Na+ channels?

Accepted Answer

They are inactivated and cannot be opened.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why action potentials only propagate in one direction along an axon?

Accepted Answer

The absolute refractory period prevents the region behind the action potential from being re-excited.

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible effect of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) on neurotransmitter removal?

Accepted Answer

It decreases the reuptake of serotonin, increasing its availability in the synaptic cleft.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of neuromodulation on postsynaptic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Neuromodulation can either facilitate or inhibit the response of postsynaptic neurons.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the concentration gradients of ions in a resting neuron?

Accepted Answer

K+ concentration is higher in the cytosol, while Na+ concentration is higher in the interstitial fluid.

Neurophysiology and the Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Signaling

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards