Question 1

Which enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of acetylcholine from acetyl CoA and choline in the axon terminal?

Accepted Answer

Choline acetyl transferase (CAT)

Question 2

After acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft, which enzyme is responsible for its degradation?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is most abundant in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 4

What triggers the release of acetylcholine from synaptic vesicles by exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal

Question 5

Which type of cholinergic receptor produces a faster response upon acetylcholine binding?

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic cholinergic receptor

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter is released at inhibitory synapses in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter binds to AMPA, NMDA, and kainate receptors?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter is NOT stored in synaptic vesicles but is generated from ATP released into the extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine

Question 9

Which enzyme is responsible for degrading catecholamines in the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)

Question 10

Which class of neurotransmitters includes dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

Biogenic amines

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is released from neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems and is synthesized from acetyl CoA and choline?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly released at excitatory synapses in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 13

Which neurotransmitter is released from the adrenal medulla in response to commands from the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and packaged by the Golgi apparatus in the cell body of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Neuropeptides

Question 15

Which neurotransmitter is released as soon as it is synthesized and diffuses to target cells, rather than being stored in synaptic vesicles?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide

Question 16

Which neurotransmitter binds to CB1 receptors in the brain and is targeted by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)?

Accepted Answer

Endocannabinoids

Question 17

Which neurotransmitter is involved in regulating sleep and emotions and is found in the brainstem?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is released at inhibitory synapses and opens chloride channels, producing an IPSP?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Question 19

Which class of drugs inhibits monoamine oxidase, thereby increasing the concentration of biogenic amines in the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the enteric nervous system and also functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Neurotransmitters: Structure, Synthesis, and Degradation

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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