Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary metabolic function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

It processes blood from the gastrointestinal tract, regulates blood glucose, and metabolizes proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

Question 2

Which process is responsible for breaking down glucose into pyruvic acid in the cytoplasm without the use of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 3

A patient presents with muscle weakness, bleeding gums, and slow wound healing. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in aerobic glucose metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Citric acid cycle → Electron transport system

Question 5

Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 6

A diet lacking in essential amino acids will most likely result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis in the body will be impaired, affecting tissue repair and growth.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why low-carbohydrate diets can lead to weight loss?

Accepted Answer

They force the body to rely on fat metabolism for energy, reducing fat stores.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of minerals in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as the main source of cellular energy

Question 9

A child with a distended abdomen, edema, and flaking dermatitis but adequate caloric intake is most likely suffering from which condition?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor

Question 10

Which of the following mechanisms is NOT a way the body loses heat?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 11

Which of the following factors would most likely increase a person's basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Increased thyroid hormone levels

Question 12

A patient is exposed to a cold environment and develops tissue necrosis in the fingers. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Frostbite

Question 13

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds and releases it for cellular work.

Question 14

Which vitamin is necessary for calcium absorption and bone health, and can be synthesized in the skin upon sunlight exposure?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 15

Which of the following best describes gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids

Question 16

A person with a genetic deficiency in a metabolic enzyme is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Inborn error of metabolism

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of the importance of food science in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

The development of agricultural techniques to increase crop yield and food preservation

Question 18

Which of the following is a consequence of hypervitaminosis?

Accepted Answer

It can cause serious health problems, similar to vitamin deficiency.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

It stabilizes cell membranes and is a precursor for steroid hormones.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM)?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor is distinguished by edema and flaking dermatitis in the presence of sufficient calories but insufficient protein.

Nutrition and Metabolism: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards