Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

Which bone structure is responsible for housing red bone marrow and supporting blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone

Question 3

A patient presents with brittle bones that fracture easily. Which component of bone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

Break down bone matrix through osteolysis

Question 5

Which equation best represents the mineral component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of concentric rings called osteons

Question 7

A long bone is fractured and requires repair. Which cell type is most important in the initial production of new bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found at the epiphyses of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It absorbs shock by distributing force in multiple directions

Question 9

If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass and possible osteoporosis

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of bone cell development from stem cell to mature cell?

Accepted Answer

Mesenchymal stem cell → Osteogenic cell → Osteoblast → Osteocyte

Question 11

Which layer of bone contains the fibrous and cellular layers responsible for bone growth and repair?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 12

A patient with a genetic defect produces insufficient hydroxyapatite. Which property of bone will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Hardness

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They allow communication between osteocytes

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct match between bone type and characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone: Houses red bone marrow

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the arrangement of trabeculae in spongy bone is not random?

Accepted Answer

They are oriented along lines of stress to maximize strength

Question 16

Which of the following is the main function of yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Storage of adipose tissue (fat)

Question 17

A patient has a mutation that prevents osteoblasts from becoming osteocytes. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Bone matrix will not be maintained properly

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the coordinated function of compact and spongy bone in a long bone such as the femur?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone resists bending and twisting, spongy bone absorbs shock

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenesis and osteolysis are tightly coupled but occur in different spots

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the percentage of bone mass contributed by collagen fibers?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{3} 	imes 100\%$$

Osseous Tissue: Structure and Function of Bone

Study Guide - Practice Questions